Content –Based, task –based, and Participatory approaches.

The main idea behind these approaches is to teach English through communication rather than for it. Important principles are: students know that language learning is a means to an end and not an end in itself, learning authentic subject matter, using language not only orally but also to read and write about interesting and relevant content. The teacher makes use of themes and topics that appear in students' discussions which in turn forms the 'syllabus.'